This misattribution only added to the poem’s rapid popularity among Ukrainian nationalists.Ĭhubynsky’s poem caught the attention of the Ukrainian priest and composer Mykhailo Verbytsky, who first set it for solo voice, then made a choral version first performed in 1864 at the Ukraine Theatre in Lviv. In Chubynsky’s absence, the poem was published the following year, mistakenly (or perhaps deliberately) attributed to the celebrated Ukrainian poet and folklorist who had recently died, Taras Shevchenko (1814-61). Not long afterwards, Chubynsky was arrested and sent by the Russian authorities into exile to the Arkhangelsk province, having been deemed ‘a dangerous influence on the minds of commoners’. Chubynsky was apparently inspired by Serbian students singing a rousing anthem at a political gathering at an apartment in Kyiv – probably ‘Hey Slavs!’, a nationalist hymn inspired by the Polish National Anthem ‘Poland is not yet lost’ this would explain the similarities between the text of that earlier song and Chubynsky’s nationalist anthem, which he wrote in 1862.
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